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Women who obtain a benign breast disease diagnosis through screening have a nearly doubled chance of acquiring breast cancer, according to studies presented at the 13th European Breast Cancer Conference. The study compared women who had any benign breast illness, including fibroadenomas and cysts, against those who had not been diagnosed with a breast disease. It included about 7,000,000 Spanish women who had their breasts screened. Researchers believe that this group of women might benefit from more frequent screening to ensure that cancer is detected early, when the odds of survival are greatest. Breast cancer risk remained higher for at least two decades.

The study was presented at the conference by Dr Marta Roman of the Hospital del Mar in Barcelona, Spain, and it was also published in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. It included 778,306 women between the ages of 50 and 69 who had at least one breast screening at one of 20 centres in Spain between 1996 and 2015. Every two years, all women in this age range in Spain have mammography for breast cancer screening. Researchers followed the women up until 2017, when 17,827 of them were diagnosed with benign breast disease and 11,708 with breast cancer.

According to the data, around 25 out of every 1,000 women with benign breast sickness went on to be diagnosed with breast cancer. Breast cancer was diagnosed in about 15 out of every 1,000 women who did not have benign breast disease. Women with benign breast illness were shown to be at greater risk regardless of age, and the risk lasted for at least 20 years. Breast cancer diagnoses were 99 percent more frequent among women who had been observed for less than four years than in those who had been followed for 12 to 20 years.

“This is important,” Dr Roman explained. “It suggests that benign breast disease is a key indicator that a woman has a higher risk of breast cancer, rather than simply being something that could develop into cancer. In fact, we often find a benign disease in one breast and then cancer develops in the other breast.

“We can use this knowledge, alongside what we know about other risk factors, to help optimise the breast screening that we offer to women. For example, if a woman is diagnosed with a benign breast disease, and she has other high-risk factors, such as a family history of breast cancer, she could benefit from more frequent screening.”

Professor David Cameron of the University of Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, UK, represents the European Breast Cancer Council at EBCC13 and was not involved in the research.

He said: “Screening can help diagnose breast cancer at an earlier stage when the chances of survival are greater. This large study shows that women in a screening programme who are diagnosed with a benign breast disease appear to be at a higher risk of being diagnosed with breast cancer in the long term and they may therefore benefit from enhanced screening.

“Mammograms quite often pick up signs of breast disease that are not cancer, such as cysts and fibroadenomas, and it’s important to remember that the majority of women with these conditions will not go on to develop breast cancer.”

Estimates of genetic correlation often presume that mating is random. In the actual world, however, couples prefer to pair up due to a variety of mutual interests and social systems. According to a recent UCLA-led study, many estimates of how strongly qualities and illnesses share genetic signals may be exaggerated since existing approaches for analysing genetic links across attributes fail to account for mating patterns. In recent years, scientists have worked to unravel the genetic links between features and illness risk using advanced genome sequencing technologies, believing that findings of common genetics might hint to answers for disease treatment. UCLA researchers, on the other hand, stated that their current study, published in Nov.

17 in Science warns against relying on genetic association estimates too extensively. They claim that such estimations are more influenced by non-biological elements than previously thought. Estimates of genetic correlation often presume that mating is random. In the actual world, however, couples prefer to pair up due to a variety of mutual interests and social systems.

As a result, several genetic relationships formerly attributed to common biology may instead be the product of faulty statistical assumptions. Previous estimates of genetic overlap between BMI and educational attainment, for example, are likely to represent this type of population structure, which is caused by “cross-trait assortative mating,” or how people with one characteristic seek to match with those with another trait.

The study’s authors believe that genetic correlation estimations should be scrutinised more closely since they have been used to forecast illness risk, glean indications for new medicines, guide diagnostic methods, and impact debates about human behaviour and social concerns. According to the authors, some in the scientific community have put too much importance on genetic correlation estimates based on the premise that because genes are unchangeable, studying them can overcome confounding circumstances.

“If you just look at two traits that are elevated in a group of people, you can’t conclude that they’re there for the same reason,” said lead author Richard Border, a postdoctoral researcher in statistical genetics at UCLA.

“But there’s been a kind of assumption that if you can track this back to genes, then you would have the causal story.” Researchers discovered that cross-trait assortative mating is substantially linked with genetic correlation estimates and may account for a “substantial” amount of genetic correlation estimations after analysing two large datasets of spouse attributes.

“Cross-trait assortative mating has affected all of our genomes and caused interesting correlations between DNA you inherit from your mother and DNA you inherit from your father across the whole genome,” said study co-author Noah Zaitlen, a professor of computational medicine and neurology at UCLA Health.

The researchers also looked at genetic correlation estimates for mental diseases, which have aroused dispute in the medical profession since they appear to demonstrate genetic ties between conditions that appear to have nothing in common, such as ADHD and schizophrenia.

The researchers discovered that genetic associations for a variety of unrelated characteristics might be explained by cross-trait assortative mating and poor diagnostic techniques. Their investigation, on the other hand, discovered greater associations for some pairings of features, such as anxiety disorders and serious depression, indicating that there is, at the very least, some common biology.  “But even when there is a real signal there, we’re still suggesting that we’re overestimating the extent of that sharing,” Border said.

Researchers from UC San Francisco and Vanderbilt University Medical Center discovered specific immune cells that cause deadly heart damage in a subset of cancer immunotherapy patients in a new study. The researchers also discovered the cells in heart muscle that are targeted by the damaging immune cells, and their new results have already prompted them to start looking for better ways to prevent or cure this potentially fatal heart inflammation known as myocarditis. The kind of myocarditis they investigated is a rare but lethal adverse effect of cancer immunotherapy medications known as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

ICIs target proteins in the body that act as gatekeepers for immune system responses, therefore preventing undesired inflammation. However, inhibiting these checkpoint proteins with ICIs slows immunological responses, allowing the immune system to more efficiently target established malignancies. Many cancer patients have been saved by ICI therapy.
According to Javid Moslehi, MD, William Grossman Distinguished Professor and Section Chief of Cardio-Oncology and Immunology at the UCSF Heart and Vascular Center, less than 1% of patients who get checkpoint inhibitor therapy, which was originally licenced in 2011, suffer myocarditis. However, over half of those who do undergo this inflammatory immune response die as a result.

Moslehi collaborated on the new study, which will be published in Nature on November 16, 2022, with cancer scientist Justin Balko, PharmD, PhD, an associate professor of medicine and pathology at Vanderbilt. In 2016, they reported the clinical syndrome of ICI-myocarditis for the first time.

In the latest investigation, the researchers employed a line of mice in which the same proteins targeted by ICIs in humans were genetically knocked out to replicate human ICI-caused myocarditis. They discovered that immune system cells known as CD8 T lymphocytes dominated in inflamed cardiac tissue from mice with myocarditis.
The researchers concluded that these same activated T cells are required to cause myocarditis in ICI-treated cancer patients, and hence immunosuppressive medications that impact CD8 T cells may be advantageous.

“We earlier observed many T cells in patients who had died, but in the mice we performed several key experiments to show that the T lymphocytes really are drivers of the disease process, and not merely innocent bystanders,” Moslehi said.

“There are therapeutic implications to this study.” The research team has already published a case study in which they employed Abatacept, a rheumatoid arthritis medicine that inhibits CD8 T cell activation, to successfully treat myocarditis in a cancer patient.

The authors revealed in the Nature article that the CD8 T cells that were preferentially activated and multiplied in a clone-like form in myocarditis were those that targeted alpha-myosin heavy chain, a critical protein involved in muscle contraction in the heart (alpha-MHC).

The researchers subsequently studied biopsy and postmortem tissue from three ICI-treated cancer patients with myocarditis and discovered that the most common CD8 T cells that had developed clonally in humans were those that targeted alpha-MHC.

“What was interesting is that the T cell receptors, which are basically identity barcodes of the T lymphocytes, that were specific for alpha-MHC were identical in the affected hearts, meaning that they were likely going after the same target,” said Balko.

The Health Ministry labelled a WhatsApp message encouraging individuals to participate in a COVID poll as ‘fake’ and deceptive on Thursday.
“#FactCheck “This letter that is circulating in several WhatsApp groups is FAKE and DECEPTIVE,” the Health Ministry stated in a tweet:

https://twitter.com/MoHFW INDIA/status/1593237606799929349?s=20&t=75WMmr91iym2tOWWE-DqOw

The viral message stated that a Coronavirus survey was being conducted blockwise on a population over the age of 18 from January to March 2023, and invited individuals to participate.

“You are hereby offered a huge social responsibility based on your good past raconds to conduct a SURVEY on Coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2 or Covid 19) at the following districts of West Bengal, India: Hooghly, Howrah, Burdwan East, Burdwan West, Malda, Murshidabad, Jhargram, Birbhum, Nadia and Medinipur East,” the message read.

The letter also encouraged individuals to visit the designated regions and examine the protective measures in place.
The message also stated that the participants will be given cash to help them find workers.

According to researchers at Sweden’s Karolinska Institutet, patients with acute COVID-19 infection had greater levels of the cytokine IL-26 in their blood. Furthermore, elevated IL-26 levels are associated with an enhanced inflammatory response, indicating that the condition is serious. The findings, published in the journal Frontiers in Immunology, show that IL-26 might be a biomarker for severe COVID-19.

SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have been beneficial in lowering the number of severe COVID-19 infections. However, the advent of novel virus strains, restricted vaccine dissemination, and waning immunity are issues that are driving scientists to develop more effective therapies for the disease. “In order to identify effective therapies, we need to learn more about the underlying immunological pathways.”

There is also a need for improved diagnostics in COVID 19-patients,” says Eduardo Cardenas, postdoc researcher at the Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and principal author of the new pilot study.
The researchers have tried, for the first time, to ascertain whether immune signalling via the cytokine interleukin-26 (IL-26) is involved in severe COVID-19.

“We already know that IL-26 is engaged in mobilising immune cells that combat bacterial infections in the lungs and also in chronic respiratory disease in humans,” says the study’s last author Anders Linden, consultant and professor at the Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet. “What’s more, IL-26 has antiviral and antibacterial effects.”

The authors selected 49 individuals who had been hospitalised with SARS-CoV-2 infection, 44 of whom had severe symptoms and required oxygen treatment, to explore how the molecule is implicated in COVID-19. From June 2020 to January 2021, patients were recruited in a hospital in Stockholm. During the same time span, a control group of 27 healthy people was also recruited. The researchers next examined IL-26 protein levels as well as other inflammatory chemicals in the blood.

“We can show for the first time that blood levels of the cytokine IL-26 are much higher in patients with COVID-19 than in healthy controls,” says Dr Cardenas.

The researchers could also detect that the rise was linked to a cytokine storm, which is an extreme and deadly inflammatory response associated with severe COVID-19 instances. “Our discovery gives us a potential biomarker for severe COVID-19, but given the antiviral effects of IL-26, we may also have identified a new therapeutic target,” says Professor Linden.

The results, according to Dr. Cardenas, are intriguing but preliminary and suggest additional research with a larger patient group. “Such a research is in the works and will provide further information on the clinical utility of monitoring IL-26 in COVID patients, such as whether the levels indicate disease severity.”

Some commercial earphones are as effective as hearing aids. The findings, published in the journal iScience on November 15, might enable a huge number of people with hearing loss have access to more inexpensive sound amplification equipment.

Professional hearing aids are costly and need numerous visits to otolaryngologists and audiologists for tuning, despite the fact that hearing loss has far-reaching health consequences. These problems make it difficult for many people to obtain professional hearing aids. According to one estimate, approximately 75% of persons in the United States with hearing loss do not use hearing aids.

“There’s also a social stigma associated with hearing aids,” says Yen-fu Cheng, the study’s corresponding author and an otolaryngologist at Taipei Veterans General Hospital. “Many patients are reluctant to wear them because they don’t want to appear old. So, we started exploring if there’re are more accessible alternatives.”

Apple came out with a feature called “Live Listen” in 2016 that allows people to use its wireless earphones, AirPods, and iPhone for sound amplification. The feature makes AirPods functionally similar to a personal sound amplification product, which is designed for people with normal hearing for certain occasions like birdwatching.

Cheng and his team wanted to investigate whether AirPods, which are widely available devices, can serve as alternative hearing aids. The team compared Airpods 2 and AirPods Pro — the model with a noise canceling feature — with a type of premium hearing aids and a basic pair of hearing aids. The premium hearing aids cost $10,000, and the basic type cost $1,500. Both models of AirPods are significantly cheaper than hearing aids, with AirPods 2 costing $129 and AirPods Pro costing $249. Notably, AirPods Pro met four out of five technology standards for hearing aids.

The team tested the four devices with 21 participants with mild to moderate hearing loss. The researchers read a short sentence, such as “the electricity bills went up recently,” to participants, who were asked to repeat their words verbatim wearing the devices. They found AirPods Pro performed similarly well compared with basic hearing aids in a quiet environment and is slightly inferior to premium hearing aids. AirPods 2, while having the lowest performance among the four, helped participants hear more clearly compared with wearing no hearing aids.

In a noisy environment, AirPods Pro showed comparable performance to premium hearing aids when the noises came from the lateral direction of the participant. But when the noises came from the front of the participants, both AirPods models failed to help participants hear better.

“Two reasons may account for the difference between the two scenarios,” says Ying-Hui Lai, the study’s co-author and a bioengineer at National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University in Taipei. “It may relate to the trajectories soundwaves travel with, as well as the advanced signal processing algorithm by premium hearing aids. This finding will hopefully inspire engineers to design hearing aids and personal sound amplification products that are more sensitive in certain directions.”

He adds that AirPods Pro appears to perform better than AirPods 2, likely because of its noise-canceling feature.

“Globally, the wireless earphone market is growing rapidly. Some companies are interested in exploring the possibility of designing earbuds with sound amplification features. Our study proves that the idea is plausible,” Lai says.

As a clinician, Cheng says persuading patients to use hearing aids is often challenging. “These wireless earbuds are of course not perfect, but they would be a good starting point for many patients who don’t have access to professional hearing aids. They will see an increase in quality of life even with these earbuds.” Cheng says.

A new study published in Diabetologia (the journal of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes [EASD]) finds that outdoor artificial light at night (LAN) is associated with impaired blood glucose control and an increased risk of diabetes, with LAN exposure being linked to more than 9 million cases of diabetes in Chinese adults. Dr. Yu Xu and colleagues from the Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, conducted the study.

Exposure to artificial LAN at night is a ubiquitous environmental risk factor in modern societies. The intensity of urban light pollution has increased to the point that it not only affects residents of big cities, but also those in distant areas such as suburbs and forest parks that may be hundreds of kilometres from the light source.

The authors note: “Despite over 80% of the world’s population being exposed to light pollution at night, this problem has gained limited attention from scientists until recent years.” Earth’s 24-hour day-night cycle has resulted in most organisms, including mammals, having an inbuilt circadian (roughly 24-hour) timing system which is adapted to the natural sequence of light and dark periods. Light pollution has been found to alter the circadian rhythm of insects, birds and other animals, resulting in premature death and loss of biodiversity.

Artificial LAN has also been linked to metabolic dysregulation by changing the schedule of food consumption. Rats exposed to LAN exhibited glucose intolerance, with raised blood sugar and insulin levels. Another study discovered that mice exposed to nocturnal dim white light of low brightness for four weeks had increased body mass and decreased glucose tolerance when compared to animals whose environment was completely dark at night, despite having roughly equivalent energy consumption and expenditure.

Associations have also been found between artificial LAN and health problems in humans. A study of night-shift workers found that those exposed to brighter LAN were more likely to have disrupted circadian rhythms, as well as a greater risk of coronary heart disease. Other research found that higher LAN exposure was associated with a 13% and 22% increase in the likelihood of being overweight and obese, respectively, while exposure to LAN in the bedroom was reported to be positively associated with the development of diabetes in elderly people.

The potential impact of outdoor artificial LAN was revealed by a study in South India which used satellite images to map light pollution and compared this with data on general health markers among adults across the region. With increasing LAN intensity, there were corresponding rises in average body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure and ‘bad’ (LDL) cholesterol levels in the exposed population.

Diabetes is a critical public health problem in China, and the onset and progression of the disease is largely governed by behavioural and environmental risk factors. The nation’s rapid urbanisation and economic growth has resulted in a dramatic increase in urban lighting, and the number of people exposed to it. Those living in cities are prone to being shifted away from a natural 24-hour day-night cycle, to one of round-the-clock working and leisure time, often staying out late and being exposed to artificial LAN.

The study used data from the China Noncommunicable Disease Surveillance Study; a representative sample of the general population in China taken in 2010 across 162 sites across the country. A total of 98,658 adults participated, undergoing interviews to collect demographic, medical, household income, lifestyle, education and family history information. The mean age of participants was 42.7 years and around approximately half were women.

Body weight and height of participants were measured to calculate BMI, and blood samples were taken to obtain levels of both fasting and postprandial (after meal) serum glucose, as well as glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). This is a form of glucose bound to haemoglobin in red blood cells which acts as a moving average of blood sugar over the previous 8 to 12 weeks.

Participants at each study site were assigned an average artificial outdoor LAN exposure level for that location using night-time low-light image data of the Earth’s surface from the US Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP). Exposure levels were ordered from lowest to highest and grouped into five quintiles (groups of 20% from highest to lowest), with the median light intensity in the highest quintile being 69 times greater than in the lowest.

The intensity of outdoor LAN varied substantially across China, with most areas being exposed to low intensity light, while higher intensities converged on the Eastern coastal cities. Participants living in areas in the higher quintiles of outdoor LAN were more likely to be older, have a higher BMI and household income, and live in an urban area. In contrast, those in the lower quintile areas reported higher levels of physical activity but fewer years of education.

The study found that the highest quintile of LAN exposure was associated with a relative increase of 28% in the prevalence of diabetes than in the lowest quintile areas. Chronic exposure to residential outdoor LAN was positively associated with blood glucose levels, insulin resistance and diabetes prevalence, and inversely associated with beta cell function, even after adjusting for many important diabetes risk factors. On average, for every 42 people living in regions in the highest quintile of LAN exposure, there is one more case of diabetes that would not have occurred if those individuals had been living in areas in the lowest quintile. While the association between LAN exposure and diabetes might not be as strong as with better known risk factors, the ubiquity of outdoor artificial light means that the scale of population exposure is vast.

The researchers estimated that more than 9 million cases of diabetes in Chinese adults aged ?18 years could be attributed to outdoor LAN exposure; a figure expected to increase with accelerating urbanisation and the growing number of people migrating from China’s countryside to its cities. The global nature and scale of this problem is illustrated by the fact that an estimated 83% of the world’s population and more than 99% of those in the US and Europe live under light-polluted skies.

These findings contribute to a growing body of evidence suggesting that LAN is detrimental to health and demonstrate that it may be a potential novel risk factor for diabetes. The authors conclude that “further studies involving the direct measurement of individual exposure to LAN are needed to confirm whether its relationship with diabetes is a causal one.”

Evidence shows that a person’s sense of purpose, or the degree to which they feel a sense of direction and objectives in their lives, may be associated with health-protective effects such as greater physical functioning and decreased risks of cardiovascular disease or cognitive decline.

A recent study lead by a researcher at Boston University School of Public Health (BUSPH) discovered that those with greater levels of purpose may have a decreased risk of dying from any cause, and that this link holds true regardless of race/ethnicity or gender. The study findings, published in the journal Preventive Medicine, reveal that this link is somewhat stronger in women than in males, but there was no significant difference by race/ethnicity.

“Having a purpose in life has been known to improve many health outcomes on average,” says study lead author Dr. Koichiro Shiba, assistant professor of epidemiology at BUSPH. “In another study I led, we found that the effect of purpose on lowering all-cause mortality may differ by socioeconomic status. In this study, we extended the prior evidence and found that the beneficial effect of purpose persisted regardless of gender and race/ethnicity.”

For the study, Dr. Shiba and colleagues at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (Harvard Chan) utilized data from the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative study of US adults ages 50 and older. The team assessed self-reported sense of purpose among more than 13,000 people, based on the “purpose in life” of the Ryff Psychological Well-being Scales, a widely used tool that measures different aspects of well-being and happiness. The researchers also examined mortality risk over an eight-year period beginning between 2006-2008.

The results showed that people with the highest sense of purpose indicated the lowest risk of death (15.2 percent mortality risk), compared to people with the lowest sense of purpose (36.5 percent mortality risk).

The team also gathered data on additional factors that can influence health, such socioeconomic status, other demographic characteristics, baseline physical health, and depression, and found that an increase in these factors was also associated with increases in a higher sense of purpose.

Dr. Shiba speculates that the stronger observed purpose-mortality association in women may be attributable to gender difference in the use of healthcare services, “one of the postulated pathways linking purpose and health,” he says. “Evidence suggests men tend to underuse necessary healthcare services, due to social norm. However, future study investigating the mechanisms underlying the gender difference is warranted.”

These findings can help inform future policies and other efforts to improve health and well-being.

“This evidence on effect heterogeneity tells us whether population-level purpose interventions can promote people’s health not only on average, but also in an equitable manner,” Dr. Shiba says. “Although evidence suggests purpose interventions would not lead to widening racial disparities in mortality, policymakers should also be aware of other sources of heterogeneity, such as SES and gender. Even though people may view purpose as a ‘psychological’ factor, its impacts on health cannot be explained solely by processes that operate in our mind and biology. We need to consider how the psychological factor interacts with our social world and ultimately impacts our health.”

According to a new study, aerobic exercise can lower the likelihood of cancer metastatic spread by 72%.

According to the researchers, the quantity of glucose (sugar) absorbed by internal organs increases during severe aerobic activity, reducing the amount of energy accessible to the tumour.

Two TAU Sackler Faculty of Medicine researchers led the study: Prof. Carmit Levy from the Department of Human Genetics and Biochemistry and Dr. Yftach Gepner from the School of Public Health and the Sylvan Adams Sports Institute. Prof. Levy emphasises that the new study has resulted in a very important discovery by combining scientific know-how from different schools at TAU, which may help prevent metastatic cancer – Israel’s leading cause of death.

The paper was published in the prestigious journal Cancer Research and chosen for the cover of the November 2022 issue.

Prof. Levy and Dr. Gepner: “Studies have demonstrated that physical exercise reduces the risk for some types of cancer by up to 35 percent. This positive effect is similar to the impact of exercise on other conditions, such as heart disease and diabetes. In this study we added new insight, showing that high-intensity aerobic exercise, which derives its energy from sugar, can reduce the risk of metastatic cancer by as much as 72 percent. If so far the general message to the public has been ‘be active, be healthy’, now we can explain how aerobic activity can maximize the prevention of the most aggressive and metastatic types of cancer.”

The study combined data from healthy human volunteers investigated before and after jogging with an animal model in which mice were trained under a stringent exercise schedule. Human data from an epidemiological research that followed 3,000 people for nearly 20 years revealed that participants who reported frequent high-intensity aerobic activity had 72 percent less metastatic cancer than those who did not engage in physical activity.

The animal model had a similar result, allowing the researchers to uncover the underlying process. They discovered that aerobic activity dramatically decreased the growth of metastatic tumours in the lymph nodes, lungs, and liver by sampling the internal organs of physically fit animals before and after physical exercise, as well as after the injection of malignancy.

The researchers hypothesized that in both humans and model animals, this favorable outcome is related to the enhanced rate of glucose consumption induced by exercise.

Prof. Levy: “Our study is the first to investigate the impact of exercise on the internal organs in which metastases usually develop, like the lungs, liver, and lymph nodes. Examining the cells of these organs we found a rise in the number of glucose receptors during high-intensity aerobic activity – increasing glucose intake and turning the organs into effective energy-consumption machines, very much like the muscles. We assume that this happens because the organs must compete for sugar resources with the muscles, known to burn large quantities of glucose during physical exercise. Consequently, if cancer develops, the fierce competition over glucose reduces the availability of energy that is critical to metastasis. Moreover, when a person exercises regularly, this condition becomes permanent: the tissues of internal organs change and become similar to muscle tissue. We all know that sports and physical exercise are good for our health. Our study, examining the internal organs, discovered that exercise changes the whole body, so that the cancer cannot spread, and the primary tumor also shrinks in size.”

Dr. Gepner added: “Our results indicate that unlike fat-burning exercise, which is relatively moderate, it is a high-intensity aerobic activity that helps in cancer prevention. If the optimal intensity range for burning fat is 65-70 percent of the maximum pulse rate, sugar burning requires 80-85 percent – even if only for brief intervals.

For example: a one-minute sprint followed by walking, then another sprint. In the past, such intervals were mostly typical of athletes’ training regimens, but today we also see them in other exercise routines, such as heart and lung rehabilitation.

Our results suggest that healthy individuals should also include high-intensity components in their fitness programs. We believe that future studies will enable personalized medicine for preventing specific cancers, with physicians reviewing family histories to recommend the right kind of physical activity. It must be emphasized that physical exercise, with its unique metabolic and physiological effects, exhibits a higher level of cancer prevention than any medication or medical intervention to date.”

The first-ever Indian medtech exhibition will be hosted on the Aerocity Grounds in New Delhi from January 17 to 19.
The three-day India MedTech Expo (IMTE) had previously been set for December 9-11, 2022, but has since been postponed. The website of India MedTech Expo (IMTE) was established on September 30, 2022, and the event flier was issued.

According to a statement from the chemical and fertiliser ministry, the department of pharmaceuticals will organise the first edition of a three-day event in close collaboration with all of the Medical Devices Industry Associations. The Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry is in charge of organising it (FICCI).

“The expo is planned around the theme ‘Future of Device, Diagnostics and Digital,” according to a statement.

The event is being organised with the objective to create opportunities to network and explore collaborations both for the sector’s growth in India and its potential contribution globally, by bringing together all the stakeholders for taking the sector on a forward growth trajectory.

The stakeholder include production-linked incentive (PLI) participants, startups, micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs), innovative entrepreneurs, research facilities, incubators, public and private hospitals, industry at large, academia, research institutions, investors, state governments, MedTech parks and key government officials.

The Ministry further said that India MedTech Expo had received a tremendous response from the medtech industry, which has come forward in large numbers and given their confirmation for participation.

So far, over 150 startups, over 275 Indian and international medical device companies and MSME units, 50 plus research institutions, etc, have confirmed their participation in the expo. Over 376 foreign buyers’ entries have been received out of which selected 200+ foreign buyers will be hosted for business-to-business (B2B) engagement.

“The current market size of the medical devices sector in India is estimated to be $11 billion and the sector in India is at growth stage with CAGR of 10-12 per cent over the last decade and has the potential to reach $50 billion by 2030,” the statement said. It added, “The proposed expo will create visibility of medical devices ecosystem to the world and build a brand identity for the Indian medtech sector.”